http://themomorohoax.com/2010/07/31/ruby-chef-tutorial
Handy article introducing chef and providing a few links. A little out of date now, but provides a useful intro.
http://www.webpop.com/blog/posts/building-a-scalable-cms-on-the-rackspace-cloud
Interesting article on how webpop built their infrastructure on Rackspace's cloud. Includes links to a few useful tools (chef, wormly, new relic, nagios, ganglia, and others).
http://www.fabrizio-branca.de/magento-caching-internals.html
Very detailed article explaining how Magento implements its caching mechanism. It seems to be some custom classes layered on top of Zend's caching framework. Useful read.
https://beeznest.wordpress.com/2011/04/18/memcached-to-store-php-sessions/
Excellent article describing in depth how to have PHP store session data in memcached and the differences between the memcache and memcached implementations in PHP. Very useful.
http://www.eucalyptus.com/
On premises cloud computing platform, with an open source angle. Don't fully understand it.
http://www.rightscale.com/
A platform to manage cloud computing resources, deployments, and so on. Essentially a simplified front end for AWS as far as I can make out.
http://www.scalebase.com/
Another cloud based scale solution for MySQL, aims to simplify deploying MySQL "in the cloud".
http://nimbusdb.com/how_it_works.html
Cloud based database that tries to achieve a new type of scalable, highly available, fault tolerant persistent data storage layer in "the cloud".
http://wpmu.org/scaling-wordpress-wpmu-buddypress-like-edublogs/
Interesting write up by James at Incsub on how they handle scale on edublogs. Some good advice although a little light on specifics, a good starting point for research.
http://www.fastcompany.com/scalability
Robert Scoble hosts a webinar session on avoiding the fail whale at scale. Includes the guy who built Gmail and now Friendfeed, Technorati and iLike.